FIGURE 1.
Loss of Nrf2 leads to dysregulation in multiple DC functions. A, Nrf2+/+ and Nrf2−/− iDCs were labeled with antibodies against MHC II, CD86, and CD40 co-stimulatory receptors. Co-stimulatory receptor expression was determined by flow cytometry. The percentage of iDCs expressing high levels of co-stimulatory receptors is indicated above the marker. Representative histograms are presented with average percentage ± S.D. Statistical significance was tested by unpaired Student's t test (*, p < 0.05). Data are derived from four independent experiments. B, Nrf2+/+ and Nrf2−/− iDCs were co-cultured with CFSE-labeled apoptotic thymocytes or necrotic Jurkat cells at 37 °C for 2 h. DC phagocytic capacity was measured by flow cytometry as an increase in CFSE levels when compared with corresponding 4 °C baseline control samples. Data are expressed as average -fold changes ± S.E. Statistical significance was tested by Mann-Whitney U test (*, p < 0.05). Data are derived from five independent experiments. C, endocytic capacity was measured by incubating Nrf2+/+ or Nrf2−/− iDCs cells with DextranFITC for 60 min at 37 °C. DextranFITC uptake by iDCs was assessed by flow cytometry. Data are presented as average percentage of uptake ± S.D. Statistical significance was tested by unpaired Student's t test (*, p < 0.05). Data are derived from four independent experiments.