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The effect of viral load and placental malaria density on risk for perinatal HIV transmission, western Kenya, 1996–2001. Women with low- (<10,000 parasites/μL, circles) and high- (>10,000 parasites/μL, squares) density placental malaria are compared with women without placental malaria (represented by the horizontal dashed line). RR, relative risk. Error bars refer to 95% confidence interval.
