Table 2. Case-control study of microbiologic and clinical features of patients with Arcobacter butzleri and Campylobacter jejuni infection.
| Features/treatment/outcome | No. patients with A. butzleri infection (%) | No. patients with C. jejuni infection (%) | OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microbiologic features | |||
| Erythrocytes in stool | 4/67 (6.0) | 59/201 (29.4) | 0.15 (0.05–0.46) |
| Leukocytes in stool | 2/67 (3.0) | 36/201 (17.9) | 0.14 (0.02–0.62) |
| Associated organisms | 12/67 (17.9) | 24/201 (11.9) | 1.61 (0.71–3.63) |
| Clinical features | |||
| Diarrhea | 41/61 (67.2) | 149/191 (78.0) | 0.58 (0.29–1.14) |
| Acute diarrhea | 31/61 (50.8) | 140/191 (73.3) | 0.38 (0.20–0.79) |
| Persistent diarrhea | 10/61 (16.4) | 9/191 (4.7) | 3.97 (1.40–11.33) |
| Watery diarrhea | 31/61 (50.8) | 61/191 (31.9) | 2.20 (1.18–4.13) |
| Fever, temperature >38.5°C | 20/61 (32.8) | 83/191 (43.5) | 0.63 (0.33–1.21) |
| Nausea, vomiting, or both | 17/61 (27.9) | 47/191 (24.6) | 1.18 (0.59–2.37) |
| Abdominal pain | 18/61 (29.5) | 53/191 (27.7) | 1.09 (0.55–2.15) |
| Asymptomatic carriage | 12/61 (19.7) | 19/191 (9.9) | 2.22 (0.94–5.21) |
| Underlying disease | 10/61 (16.4) | 49/191 (25.7) | 0.57 (0.25–1.27) |
| Treatment | |||
| Antimicrobial agents | 16/61 (26.2) | 79/191 (41.4) | 0.50 (0.25–1.00) |
| Intravenous fluid therapy | 1/61 (1.6) | 8/191 (4.2) | 0.38 (0.38–3.05) |
| Outcome | |||
| Relapse | 4/61 (6.6) | 6/191 (3.1) | 2.16 (0.49–9.06) |
aOR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.