TABLE 1.
Demographics of patients and healthy controls
| Quiescent n=45 |
Reactive n=12 |
ACR n=9 |
HC n=34 |
ANOVA p-value |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time (yrs) from transplant to blood draw: mean ± SD (range) | 2.8 ± 1.2 (1.0–5.7) | 2.9 ± 1.6 (1.0–5.9) | 2.8 ± 0.6 (0.9–3.8) | N/A | NS |
| Age: mean ± SD (range) | 53.3 ± 15.4 (21.7–86.5) | 58.6 ± 18.1 (20.6–76.6) | 38.8 ± 16.7 (20.7–60.6) | 49.4 ± 11.3 (29.1–70.9) | 0.0091 |
| Female/Male gender* | 17/28 | 4/8 | 6/3 | 16/18 | N/A |
| African American race* | 4/45 | 1/12 | 1/9 | 1/34 | N/A |
| De novo DSA* | 8 (17%) | 4 (33%) | 3 (33%) | N/A | N/A |
| DSA during follow-up* | 2 (4%) | 2 (17%) | 2 (22%) | N/A | N/A |
| HLA mismatches class I: mean ± SD | 2.3 ± 1.0 | 2.3 ± 0.6 | 2.4 ± 0.7 | N/A | NS |
| HLA mismatches class II: mean ± SD | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 1.1 ± 0.4 | N/A | NS |
| Estimated GFR at blood draw: mean ± SD (ml/min) | 50.9 ± 7.9 | 42.9 ± 8.9 | 35.6 ± 6.6 | N/A | <0.0012 |
| Tacrolimus level at blood draw: mean ± SD (ng/ml) | 4.6 ± 2.3 | 5.7 ± 1.8 | 8.5 ± 2.3 | N/A | 0.0013 |
| Daily MMF usage | 7/45 | 2/12 | 5/9 | NA | N/A |
| Daily steroid usage | 1/45 | 0/12 | 0/9 | N/A | N/A |
| Living donor | 45/45 | 12/12 | 5/9 | N/A | N/A |
NS= non-significant; N/A= not applicable
*
Not significant by Fisher’s exact test, pairwise comparisons.
†
Any DSA occurring post-transplant.
‡
Any DSA present with ±3 months of blood sampling.
1
Student t Test: HC vs. Reactive: p=0.02; HC vs. ACR: p=0.02; ACR vs. Reactive: p=0.02; ACR vs. Quiescent: p=0.01
2
Wilcoxon’s rank test: ACR vs. Quiescent: p=0.02; Reactive vs. Quiescent: p=0.03
3
Student t Test: ACR vs. Quiescent: p<0.001; ACR vs. Reactive: p=0.03