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Case example number 2. Male, 58 years old, long history of lumbar axial pain and recurrent crisis event. VAS scores-preoperative 6; 1-week 3; 24-month 1. Patient underwent an L4L5 stand-alone lateral interbody fusion using rh-BMP. (a) Preoperative lateral orthostatic X-ray (b) 12-month lateral orthostatic X-ray.
