Inactivation of ppk25-expressing neurons specifically impairs male response to virgin females. Males expressing the temperature-sensitive dominant Dynamin allele shits (Kitamoto, 2001) under control of ppk25-Gal4, were raised at the permissive temperature (18°C) and, where indicated, incubated for 1 h at the nonpermissive temperature (30°C) just before testing their behavior at the same temperature. Response to a Canton-S virgin female was recorded under white light for a 10 min interval. Initiation is the fraction of males to initiate courtship within the 10 min observation period. Calculation of the CI, the TBI, the PER, and the corresponding SEs and statistical tests are described in Materials and Methods. **p < 0.01. For both genotypes, N = 28 and N = 22 at 30°C and 18°C, respectively.