Table 5.
A List of U.S. Food and Drug Administration-Approved Nontargeted Anticancer Drugs That Work Through Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species
| Drug | Year | Cancer type |
|---|---|---|
| Cell cycle specific anti cancer drugs | ||
| S-phase (Antimetabolites) | ||
| Leucovorin | 1952 | Colorectal |
| Cytarabine | 1969 | Meningeal leukemia, ALL, AML, CML |
| Methotrexate | 1988 | Osteosarcoma, Breast, ALL, GTD, HL |
| Fludarabine | 1991 | CLL |
| Gemcitabine | 1996 | Pancreatic, Ovarian, Breast, Lung |
| Cytarabine | 1999 | Meningeal leukemia, ALL, AML, CML |
| Capecitabine | 2001 | Breast, Colorectal |
| 5-Fluorouracil | 2002 | Breast, Gastric, Pancreatic, Colorectal, Basal cell carcinoma |
| Clofarabine | 2004 | ALL |
| Azacitidine | 2004 | Myelodysplastic syndrome |
| Nelarabine | 2005 | ALL |
| Decitabine | 2006 | Myelodysplastic syndrome |
| Pralatrexate | 2009 | Peripheral T-cell lymphoma |
| Pemetrexed | 2009 | Mesothelioma, Lung |
| G1/S phase (Topoisomerase II inhibitors) | ||
| Etoposide | 1994 | Ewing's sarcoma, Testicular, Lung |
| M phase | ||
| Docetaxel | 1996 | Breast, Gastric, Lung, Prostate, Head and neck |
| Paclitaxel | 2005 | Breast |
| Ixabepilone | 2007 | Breast |
| Cabazitaxel | 2010 | Prostate |
| Eribulin mesylate | 2010 | Breast |
| Vincristine | 1963 | Wilm's tumor, Rhabdomyosarcoma, NHL, ALL, HL |
| Vinblastine | 1964 | Breast, Lung, Head and neck, HL |
| G2/M phase (Antitumor antibiotic) | ||
| Bleomycin | 1973 | Lung, Testicular, Cervical, Vulva, NHL, HL, MPE |
| Cell cycle nonspecific | ||
| Alkylating agents | ||
| Chlorambucil | 1957 | HL, CLL, NHL |
| Procarbazine | 1969 | HL |
| Dacarbazine | 1975 | Metastatic melanoma, HL |
| Ifosfamide | 1988 | Testicular, Ovarian, Breast, Lung, Osteosarcoma, Lymphoma |
| Temozolomide | 2000 | Anaplastic astrocytoma, Glioblastoma multiforme |
| Oxaliplatin | 2002 | Colorectal |
| Bendamustine | 2008 | Multiple myeloma, Lung, CLL, NHL, HL |
| Anthracyclines | ||
| Daunorubicin | 1979 | AML, ALL |
| Epirubicin | 1999 | Breast |
| Doxorubicin | 1999 | Neuroblastoma, Wilm's tumor, Thyroid, Gastric, Breast |
| Ovarian, Bone, Bladder, ALL, AML, NHL, HL, | ||
| Topoisomerase I inhibitors | ||
| Irinotecan | 1998 | Colorectal |
| Topotecan | 2007 | Ovarian, Cervical, Lung |
| Platinum Analogues | ||
| Cisplatin | 1978 | Lung, Ovarian, Mesothelioma |
| Miscellaneous | ||
| Pegaspargase | 1994 | Acute lymphoblastic leukemia |
| Arsenic trioxide | 2000 | Acute promyelocytic leukemia |
| Lenalidomide | 2005 | Multiple myeloma, Myelodysplastic syndrome |
| Plerixafor | 2008 | NHL, Multiple myeloma |
ALL, acute lymphoblastic leukemia; AML, acute myelogenous leukemia; CLL, chronic lymphocytic leukemia; CML, chronic myelogenous leukemia; GTD, gestational trophoblastic disease; HL, hodgkin's lymphoma; MPE, malignant pleural effusion; NHL, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.