Mean ± SEM activity counts in 18-month old female offspring (top panel) and male offspring (bottom panel) following pretreatment with nicotine. Although there were significant effects of nicotine dose, sex, and time, prenatal arsenic exposure did not interact with nicotine treatment. Within each nicotine dose group, data were averaged across prenatal arsenic conditions for this figure. Sample size: 0 ppm n = 5 litters, 8 ppm n = 8, 25 ppm n = 5, 80 ppm n = 5.