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. 2012 Feb 13;109(14):E821–E830. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1117774109

Table 2.

Concentration of some essential elements in the water of thermal springs and in the condensate of the same springs

Spring Number
Element S6–14 S6–15 S6–16 S6–17 S6–18 S6–19
Water composition, parts per billion
 t, °C 94.00 93.00 89.00 93.00 96.00 96.00
 pH 0.50 −0.28 0.25 −0.58 −0.09 −0.30
 B 95,109 54,142 35,927 72,639 83,813 133,910
 Ca 279,893 121,911 455,703 213,657 334,430 168,640
 Fe 384,075 174,308 245,163 258,688 446,416 250,982
 K 89,606 138,879 22,881 882,720 86,835 155,190
 Mg 168,491 68,883 118,968 78,648 202,059 98,071
 Mn 7,355 2,909 3,358 3,942 9,424 4,325
 Na 128,609 100,599 79,224 479,027 143,699 121,597
 Ni 140 89 82 96 593 67
 P 7,399 8,615 6,434 33,689 7,568 9,163
 Ti 9,170 2,345 2,300 3,106 8,533 7,874
 Zn 657 324 734 471 830 439
Condensate composition, parts per billion
 pH 2.29 2.19 2.54 2.03 1.05 2.03
 B 2,635.0 84.4 1,092.3 184.6 214.6 4,295.5
 Ca 566.7 219.2 424.4 30.0 90.0 288.9
 Fe 760.4 216.3 798.5 10.7 154.6 99.4
 K 15,787.2 45.5 2,317.2 22.6 37.6 8,398.6
 Mg 141.0 48.7 138.9 2.5 15.5 24.5
 Mn 9.0 2.3 7.0 0.1 1.9 2.3
 Na 5,427.1 127.8 797.6 14.9 50.7 3,082.5
 Ni 16.2 0.4 9.2 0.2 1.3 0.7
 P 18.0 5.2 11.8 2.0 6.6 4.3
 Ti 18.7 16.6 8.3 0.5 2.6 4.1
 Zn 19.0 3.4 12.8 6.0 6.9 10.8

For Mutnovsky volcano, Kamchatka peninsula, see Methods and refs. 62, 95.

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