Table 2.
Scheme and results of environmental sampling for MRSA on nine occasions in an equine hospital
| Setting | Sampling area | Sample cat. 4) | 2008 July 25 | Nov 19 | Dec 1 | 2009 June 8 | Sep 29 | Oct 15 | 2010 Mar 4 | Mar 17 | Apr 15 | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ward A | ||||||||||||
|
Stable A - surgery patients |
Walls + floor | 1 | 0/1 7) | 0/1 | - - 5) | 0/1 | - - | - - | 0/1 | - - | - - | 0/4 |
| Water feeders | 1 | 0/1 | 0/1 | R 6) | R | R | R | R | R | R | 0/2 | |
| Water buckets | 1 | - - | 0/1 | - - | 0/1 | - - | - - | - - | - - | - - | 0/2 | |
| Muzzles + twitches | 1 | 0/1 | 0/1 | - - | - - | - - | - - | - - | - - | - - | 0/2 | |
| Salt stones + cribs | 1 | 1/1 | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | 1/1 | |
| Room 3 1) | Light switch + door knobs | 2 | 0/1 | 0/1 | - - | 0/1 | - - | - - | - - | - - | - - | 0/3 |
| Surgery unit | Tarpaulins + traverse | 1 | 1/1 | 0/1 | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | 1/2 |
| Recovery room 1 | 1 | 0/1 | 0/1 | - - | 0/1 | 0/1 | - - | 0/1 | - - | - - | 0/5 | |
| Recovery room 2 | 1 | - - | - - | - - | - - | - - | - - | 0/1 | - - | - - | 0/1 | |
| Prep. stall + tracheotube | 1 | 0/1 | 0/1 | - - | 0/1 | 0/1 | - - | 0/1 | - - | - - | 0/5 | |
| Mobile operating table | 1 | 0/1 | 0/1 | - - | - - | 0/1 | - - | 0/1 | - - | - - | 0/4 | |
| Surgery equipment | 1 | - - | - - | - - | - - | 0/1 | - - | - - | - - | - - | 0/1 | |
| Surgery equipment | 2 | 0/1 | 0/1 | - - | 1/1 | 0/3 | - - | 0/2 | - - | - - | 1/8 | |
| Lameness run-up | Door knobs (n = 21) | 2 | 1/1 | 1/1 | 0/7 8) | 0/4 8) | - - | - - | 0/1 | - - | - - | 2/14 |
| ISO 2) | Ante-room | 2 | 2/2 | - - | - - | 0/2 | - - | 0/2 | - - | - - | 0/1 | 2/7 |
| Stall, walls + floor | 1 | 0/1 | - - | - - | - - | - - | - - | - - | - - | - - | 0/1 | |
| Stall, floor | 1 | - - | - - | - - | - - | - - | 0/1 | - - | - - | - - | 0/1 | |
| Stall, walls | 1 | - - | - - | - - | - - | - - | 0/1 | - - | - - | 1/1 | 1/2 | |
| Treatment area | 1 | 0/1 | - - | - - | - - | - - | 0/1 | - - | - - | 0/1 | 0/3 | |
| Treatment area | 2 | - - | - - | - - | 0/1 | - - | - - | - - | - - | - - | 0/1 | |
|
Day patient area |
Treatment room 1 | 1 | - - | - - | - - | - - | - - | - - | 0/1 | - - | - - | 0/1 |
| Treatment room 2 | 1 | - - | - - | - - | - - | - - | - - | 0/1 | - - | - -- | 0/1 | |
| Treatment room | 2 | - - | - - | - - | - - | - - | - - | 0/1 | - - | - - | 0/1 | |
| Ward B | ||||||||||||
| Room 4 | Treatment stall | 1 | 1/1 | 0/1 | - - | 0/1 | - - | - - | 0/2 | - - | - - | 1/5 |
|
Stable K - ICU 3) |
Walls + floor outside stall | 1 | - - | - - | - - | - - | 0/1 | - - | 0/1 | 0/1 | - - | 0/3 |
| Walls + floor inside stall | 1 | 1/1 | 0/1 | - - | 0/1 | 0/1 | - - | 0/1 | 0/1 | - - | 1/6 | |
| Outside stall | 2 | 0/1 | 0/1 | - - | 0/1 | - - | - - | - - | - - | - - | 0/3 | |
| Equipment | Medicine cart | 2 | - - | - - | - - | - - | 0/1 | - - | - - | - - | - - | 0/1 |
| Bandage cart | 2 | - - | - - | - - | - - | 0/1 | - - | - - | - - | - - | 0/1 | |
| Dental equipment | 1 | - - | - - | - - | 0/1 | - - | - - | - - | - - | - - | 0/1 | |
| Total | 7/18 | 1/14 | 0/7 | 1/17 | 0/11 | 0/5 | 0/15 | 0/2 | 1/3 | 10/92 | ||
Equipment or surfaces of a similar kind in one room or unit were pooled into one sample. For example, a number of door knobs/water feeders/salt stones + cribs were wiped with one cloth, making one pooled sample
1) standing surgery; 2) isolation unit; 3) intensive care unit; 4) denotes sampling category, horse touch surfaces = 1 and hand touch surfaces, where no horse had access = 2, 5)- - = not done, 6) R = replaced, 7) Number of positive/total number of samples. 8) The 21 doorknobs divided into seven and four samples, respectively