Table 1. Classification of case and control cohorts according to WHO criteria and incidence of Y chromosome microdeletions.

Group	Phenotype	N°	WHO criteria	Intact Y chromosome	AZF deletion (n)	gr/gr partial deletion	b2/b3 partial deletion	b1/b3 partial deletion	Partial deletion and associated Y chromosome haplogroup
Severe	non-obstructive azoospermia	88	no sperm in the ejaculate	80	AZFa (1), AZFc (3), AZFa+b (2), AZFa+b+c (2)	2 (2.5%)	-	1 (1.25%)	gr/gr, E3b2 n = 1; E3 (xE3b2), n = 1; b1/b3, E3b2 n = 1
	Oligozoospermia	12	<5×106 sperm/ml	11	AZFc (1)	-	-	-
	Oligoasthenozoospermia	11	<5×106 sperm/ml and >40% of sperm have low motility	11	-	1 (9.09%)	-	-	gr/gr, F, n = 1
	Oligoteratozoospermia	7	<5×106 sperm/ml and >40% of sperm with abnormal morphology	7	-	-	-	-	-
	Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia	61	5×106 sperm/ml, >40% of sperm have low motility and >40% of sperm with abnormal morphology	57	AZFc (4)	6 (10.53%)	4 (7.02%)	-	gr/gr E3b2, n = 5 b2/b3 E3b2, n = 2 J, n = 1
Mild	Oligozoospermia	20	<20×106 sperm/ml	20	-	-	-	-	-
	Oligoasthenozoospermia	12	<20×106 sperm/ml and >40% of sperm have low motility	12	-	1 (8.33%)	-	-	-
	Oligoteratozoospermia	3	<20×106 sperm/ml and >40% of sperm with abnormal morphology	3	-	-	-	-	-
	Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia	22	<20×106 sperm/ml, >40% of sperm have low motility and >40% of sperm with abnormal morphology	22	-	2 (9.09%)	-	1 (4.54%)	gr/gr E3b2, n = 1 F, n = 1 b1/b3 E3b2, n = 1
	Asthenozoospermia	61	>40% of sperm have low motility	61	-	5 (8.19%)	-	-	gr/gr, E3b2 n = 4
	Teratozoospermia	19	>40% of sperm with abnormal morphology	19	-	1 (5.26%)	-	-	-
	Asthenoteratozoospermia	23	>40% of sperm have low motility and >40% of sperm with abnormal morphology	23	-	1 (4.34%)	-	-	-
Normospermic		256		256	-	16 (6.25%)	-	-	gr/gr E3b2, n = 9 E (xE3b2), n = 2 J, n = 1
Total		595		582	13	35	4	2

Y chromosome haplogroup is indicated for 31 samples with partial AZFc deletions.