Figure 1. Inflammatory response to Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), in vitro, is abrogated by fenofibrate.

BV-2 cells were treated with vehicle (C), fenofibrate (Feno, F), JEV (J) or both fenofibrate and JEV (Feno+JEV, F+J). (A) Fenofibrate attenuates the morphological changes induced by JEV in BV-2 cells as seen in the phase contrast images. Treatment of BV-2 cells with fenofibrate markedly reduced the levels of LTB₄ (B), IL-6, MCP-1 and TNF-α (C,D) released into the medium after JEV infection. Conversely, protective cytokine IL-10 production was increased in fenofibrate (D) pretreated cells compared to JEV alone (n = 6 per group, *and #p<0.05). Fenofibrate alone results in decreased levels of LTB₄ (inset in B) and cytokines and chemokine (C,D).