Table 1.
Characteristics by diagnostic group
| Variable | All Participants (n=28,832) |
Neither HF or AF (n=24,944) |
AF with or without HF (n= 2528) |
HF w/o AF (n= 1360) |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean, STD) | 64.9 (9.4) | 64.7 (9.3) | 67.6 (9.7) | 63.7 (9.6) | <0.0001 |
| Male sex | 12981 (45%) | 11288 (45%) | 1157 (46%) | 536 (39%) | <0.0001 |
| Black race | 11778 (41%) | 10207 (41%) | 915 (36%) | 656 (48%) | <0.0001 |
| Region | 0.003 | ||||
| Belt | 9961 (35%) | 8574 (34%) | 8712 (35%) | 515 (38%) | |
| Buckle | 6051 (21%) | 5170 (21%) | 571 (23%) | 310 (23%) | |
| Non-belt | 12820 (44%) | 11200 (45%) | 1085 (43%) | 535 (45%) | |
| Education | <0.0001 | ||||
| <High School | 3561 (12%) | 2914 (12%) | 347 (14%) | 300 (22%) | |
| High School | 7439 (26%) | 6357 (26%) | 704 (28%) | 378 (28%) | |
| Graduate | |||||
| Some College | 7716 (27%) | 6674 (27%) | 664 (26%) | 378 (28%) | |
| College Grad | 10095 (35%) | 8985 (36%) | 809 (32%) | 301 (22%) | |
| Income | <0.0001 | ||||
| <$20,000 | 5142 (18%) | 4183 (17%) | 562 (22%) | 397 (29%) | |
| $20,000– $34,000 | 6969 (24%) | 5969 (24%) | 652 (26%) | 348 (26%) | |
| $35,000– $74,000 | 8607 (30%) | 7634 (31%) | 675 (27%) | 298 (22%) | |
| >= $74,000 | 4593 (16%) | 4172 (17%) | 297 (12%) | 124 (9%) | |
| Refused | 3521 (12%) | 2986 (12%) | 342 (14%) | 193 (14%) | |
| Alcohol Use | <0.0001 | ||||
| Current | 14922 (52%) | 13184 (53%) | 1164 (46%) | 574 (42%) | |
| Past | 5225 (18%) | 4336 (17%) | 564 (22%) | 325 (24%) | |
| Never | 8685 (30%) | 7424 (30%) | 800 (32%) | 461 (34%) | |
| Smoking | <0.0001 | ||||
| Current | 4145 (14%) | 3568 (14%) | 324 (13%) | 253 (19%) | |
| Past | 11567 (40%) | 9868 (40%) | 1147 (46%) | 552 (41%) | |
| Never | 13013 (45%) | 11414 (46%) | 1048 (42%) | 551 (41%) | |
| SBP (mean, STD) | 128 (17) | 127 (17) | 128 (18) | 129 (18) | 0.004 |
| Hypertensi ve (n, %) | 17022 (59%) | 14300 (57%) | 1740 (69%) | 982 (72%) | <0.0001 |
| Diabetic (n, %) | 6058 (22%) | 4936 (20%) | 639 (26%) | 483 (37%) | <0.0001 |
| MCS (mean, STD) | 54 (8) | 54 (8) | 53 (10) | 50 (11) | <0.0001 |
| PCS (mean, STD) | 47 (11) | 47 (10) | 42 (12) | 38 (12) | <0.0001 |
| Warfarin Use | 564 (22%) | 401 (2%) | 564 (22%) | 91 (7%) | <0.0001 |
| Stroke/TI A reported (@)baseline | 2860 (10%) | 2163 (9%) | 456 (18%) | 241 (18%) | <0.0001 |
STD: standard deviation
SBP: systolic blood pressure (millimeters of mercury)
MCS: mental health component summary score of Short-Form 12-Item survey
PCS: physical component summary score of Short-Form 12-Item survey
HF: heart failure
AF: atrial fibrillation
*
p-values from ANOVA for continuous variables, and χ2 tests of association for categorical variables