Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of participants included in the modified intention to treat analysis. For all scales except as noted higher scores indicate greater dysfunction. (P values from two sample t tests.)

Variable (units/total score range)	Total (N=357)		Saw palmetto (N=176)		Placebo (N=181)
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	P value
Age (years)	60.97	8.40	61.25	8.72	60.7	8.08	0.54
AUASI score (8–24)	14.55	4.52	14.42	4.29	14.69	4.75	0.58
BPH Impact Index score (0–13)	3.55	2.51	3.39	2.24	3.71	2.72	0.30
IPSS QOL score (0–6)	3.21	1.20	3.2	1.2	3.23	1.21	0.83
AUA nocturia item (0–5)	2.17	1.11	2.09	1.08	2.26	1.13	0.14
Peak uroflow (mL/sec)	14.90	6.92	15.03	7.15	14.78	6.71	0.74
Post-void residual (mL)**	41.0	13.0, 90.0	37.5	13.5, 88.0	43.0	12.0, 92.0	0.88
PSA level (ng/mL)	2.07	1.78	2.20	1.95	1.93	1.59	0.16
IIEF erectile function scale (1–30)*	19.38	9.87	18.79	10.36	19.93	9.43	0.29
MSHQ-EjD scale (1–20)*	10.87	4.16	10.56	4.27	11.18	4.03	0.16
ICSmale IS score (0–24)	3.81	2.75	3.44	2.3	4.17	3.08	0.01*
Jenkins Sleep Scale score (0–20)	7.36	4.62	6.95	4.28	7.72	4.93	0.11
NIH-CPSI
Pain scale (0–21)**	0	0, 2	0	0, 2	0	0, 3	0.17
Urinary symptom scale (0–10)	4.15	2.20	4.02	2.31	4.27	2.08	0.28
QOL scale (0–12)	4.51	2.13	4.45	2.00	4.57	2.24	0.61
Race			N (%)		N (%)
Non Hispanic white	284 (79.6%)		145 (82.4%)		139 (76.8%)		0.42
African American	41 (11.5%)		17 (9.7%)		24 (13.3%)
Hispanic/Latino/Other	32 (9.0%)		14 (8.0%)		18 (9.9%)
Education
Less than high school	13 (3.6%)		6 (3.4%)		7 (3.9%)		0.64**
High school graduate	38 (10.6%)		20 (11.4%)		18 (9.9%)
Some college	60 (16.8%)		26 (14.8%)		34 (18.8%)
College graduate	99 (27.7%)		48 (27.3%)		51 (28.2%)
Post college	142 (39.8%)		75 (42.6%)		67 (37.0%)
No response	5 (1.4%)		1 (0.6%)		4 (2.2%)

^*Higher scores on these scales indicate less dysfunction

^**Median and interquartile range shown, P-value based on Wilcoxon rank sum test