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. 2012 May;91(5):499–505. doi: 10.1177/0022034512441946

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© 2012 International & American Associations for Dental Research

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Figure 1. — Time-course and behavioral assessment of induced chronic inflammation in the rat TMJ. (A) Time-course and procedures of induced chronic inflammation by injections of complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) into the upper TMJ compartment. (B) Representative photographs one day after rats received saline injection (left) or CFA injection (right), and corresponding differences in head widths. Severe swelling was observed in the TMJ region one day after CFA injection. (C) The Head Withdrawal Threshold (HWT) was significantly lower one day after both the first and second CFA injections in the inflammation group compared with controls (mean ± SEM; N = 4; **p < 0.01).