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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Apr 30.
Published in final edited form as: J Biomech. 2012 Mar 3;45(7):1161–1168. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.02.003

Table 4.

Percentage errors relative to the arc of motion.

Motion Arcs (Degrees) Average Error (Degrees) % Arc of Motion
Humeral Elevation Rotation Plane of Elevation Rotation Axial Rotation Humeral Elevation Rotation Plane of Elevation Rotation Axial Rotation Humeral Elevation Rotation Plane of Elevation Rotation Axial Rotation
Scapular Plane Abduction 85.6 16.1 42.4 2.2 1.3 5.0 2.7% 8.9% 11.8%
Coronal Plane Abduction 81.5 29.0 41.7 2.0 1.2 5.4 2.6% 4.6% 14.3%
Forward Flexion in the Sagittal Plane 85.6 26.5 61.8 2.4 1.1 5.7 2.8% 4.9% 9.3%
Rotation with the Elbow at the Side 12.4 9.8 95.8 1.2 1.1 14.6 10.2% 11.8% 15.3%
Rotation with the Eblow at 90° of Abduction 13.7 10.6 89.3 1.6 1.1 9.7 13.1% 12.2% 10.8%