Table 1.

the exact exercise, number of repetitions and external load will be determined by the physiotherapist.

Functional retraining exercises performed three times a week	•Sitting (isometric) • Sit-to-stand • Single step up • Stair walking • Single leg squat
Quadriceps muscle strengthening performed three times/week	• Inner range (open kinetic chain) • Mid range (open kinetic chain) • Weight-bearing
Hip abduction strengthening performed three times a week	• Side-lying hip abduction • Side-lying hip abduction with rubber band for resistance • Standing, hip abduction of the non-weight bearing leg • Standing, hip abduction of the non-weight bearing leg with rubber band between the ankles as extra resistance • Side-lying bridge • Side-bridge with hip abduction
Stretching	• Hamstring muscle stretches in sitting • Anterior hip structures stretch. Subjects in prone position, one hip externally rotated and with both the hip and knee flexed • Patellofemoral joint mobilisation and soft-tissue will be performed by the physiotherapist and taught so patient can perform this themselves
Patellar taping	• Combination of tilt, medial glide and fat pad unloading as necessary- the tape will be applied by the physiotherapist each training session