Table 2.
Association between the main outcomes of the cervical screening tests based on visual inspection methods and HIV status in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
| Univariate | Multivariate* | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n/N | OR | 95% CI | p | OR | 95% CI | p | |
| Eligible women who underwent a cervical screening with acetic acid and Lugol iodine (n = 4,046) | |||||||
| Positive VI† | < 10-4 | < 10-4 | |||||
| HIV-negative | 41/1,048 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| HIV-positive | 268/2,998 | 2.41 | 1.72-3.37 | 2.28 | 1.61-3.23 | ||
| Positive VIA | < 10-4 | < 10-4 | |||||
| HIV-negative | 20/1,048 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| HIV-positive | 230/2,998 | 4.27 | 2.69-6.78 | 4.02 | 2.49-6.48 | ||
| Positive VILI | < 10-4 | < 10-4 | |||||
| HIV-negative | 37/1,048 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| HIV-positive | 255/2,998 | 2.54 | 1.79-3.61 | 2.34 | 1.63-3.36 | ||
| Clinical cervicitis | < 10-3 | < 10-4 | |||||
| HIV-negative | 64/1,048 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| HIV-positive | 290/2,998 | 1.65 | 1.24-2.18 | 1.86 | 1.38-2.50 | ||
| No visualisation of the SCJ | 0.47 | 0.45 | |||||
| HIV-negative | 24/1,048 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| HIV-positive | 81/2,998 | 1.18 | 0.75-1.88 | 1.2 | 0.74-1.94 | ||
| CIN of any grade‡ | 10-3 | < 10-2 | |||||
| HIV-negative | 20/1,048 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| HIV-positive | 132/2,998 | 2.36 | 1.47-3.81 | 2.13 | 1.31-3.45 | ||
| Positively screened women with acetic acid and/or Lugol iodine (n = 309) | |||||||
| Multiple lesions | 0.08 | 0.10 | |||||
| HIV-negative | 6/41 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| HIV-positive | 74/268 | 2.25 | 0.90-5.51 | 2.13 | 0.85-5.35 | ||
| Lesions with several | < 10-4 | < 10-4 | |||||
| quadrants of the cervix | |||||||
| involved | |||||||
| HIV-negative | 14/41 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| HIV-positive | 184/268 | 4.22 | 2.11-8.47 | 4.49 | 2.17-9.28 | ||
| Extension to the endocervical canal | < 10-2 | 0.02 | |||||
| HIV-negative | 11/41 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| HIV-positive | 134/268 | 2.64 | 1.27-5.50 | 2.42 | 1.15-5.08 | ||
| Patients lost to follow-up∫ | 0.32 | 0.26 | |||||
| HIV-negative | 5/41 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| HIV-positive | 50/268 | 1.65 | 0.62-4.42 | 1.89 | 0.63-5.69 | ||
The IeDEA West Africa collaboration, 2009-2010.
* Adjusted for age group in years ([25-35],[35-45],[45-55] and [55-65]), parity (yes vs. no) and number of lifetime sexual partners (< 5 vs. ≥5)
† Positive visual inspection with VIA and/or VILI
‡ Histological precancerous or cancer lesions confirmed in women who underwent colposcopic examination and directed biopsies
∫ Positively screened women referred for a colposcopic consultation who did not attend the appointment after a telephone-based tracking procedure
Abbreviations: OR Odds ratio, CI Confidence interval, VIA Visual inspection with acetic acid, VILI Visual inspection with Lugol iodine, SCJ Squamocolumnar junction, CIN Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.