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. 2011 Sep 14;31(37):13157–13167. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2701-11.2011

Table 5.

Reinforcement model parameters: model estimating separate fits for each feedback timing condition

IMMED (1 s)
DELAY (4 s)
DELAY (7 s)
Mean (SEM) Mean (SEM) Mean (SEM)
Learning rate (α)a 0.16 (0.05) 0.33 (0.06) 0.21 (0.06)
Softmax inverse temperature (β) 2.56 (0.37) 2.49 (0.37) 2.60 (0.41)
Pseudo-r2 0.24 (0.04) 0.29 (0.05) 0.22 (0.04)
Model fit (log likelihood)b 31.54 (1.77) 29.33 (2.07) 32.41 (1.63)
Chance model fit 41.59 41.59 41.59
Likelihood ratio test p = 0.005 p < 0.0005 p = 0.003

aLearning rates did not differ as a function of delay (linear effect: F(1,19) = 0.315, p = 0.58).

bFit did not differ as a function of delay (linear effect: F(1,19) = 0.22, p = 0.65).