Table 5.

Comparison of uncommon electrocardiographic characteristics between West-Asian, black and Caucasian male athletes

	West-Asian (n=800)	Black (n=300)	Caucasian (n=120)	West-Asian controls (n=135)
RA enlargement	12 (1.5%)	14 (4.7%)*	0 (0%)	1 (1%)
LA enlargement	9 (1.1%)	6 (2%)	1 (0.8%)	0 (0%)
RAD	9 (1.1%)	5 (1.7%)	2 (1.7%)	0 (0%)
LAD	6 (0.8%)	2 (0.7%)	3 (2.5%)	0 (0%)
ST segment depression	2 (0.3%)	2 (0.7%)	0 (0%)	0 (0%)
Q waves	3 (0.4%)	0 (0%)	0 (0%)	3 (0.2%)
CRBBB	1 (0.1%)	1 (0.3%)	0 (0%)	0 (0%)
ILBBB	3 (0.4%)	3 (1.0%)	1 (0.8%)	0 (0%)
Anterior T-wave inversion	23 (2.9%)	29 (9.8%)*	0 (0%)	0 (0%)
Lateral T-wave inversion	13 (1.6%)	18 (6.1%)*	0 (0%)	0 (0%)
RVH	8 (1.0%)	1 (0.3%)	0 (0%)	0 (0%)

^*Black athletes vs West-Asian and Caucasian athletes; p<0.05, Values are expressed as frequency and (%).

CRBBB, complete right bundle branch block; HR, heart rate; ILBBB, incomplete left bundle branch block; LA, left atrial; LAD, left axis deviation; RA, right atrial; RAD, right axis deviation; RVH, right ventricular hypertrophy.