Table 4. Effect of different abiotic elicitors on the production of various secondary metabolites in plants.

Plant species	Abiotic factor	Secondary metabolite	Reference
Ocimum basilicum	Methyl Jasmonate	Rosmarinic acid, Caffeic acid	162
Beta vulgaris	Calcium, magnesium, manganese, zinc, copper, iron and cobalt	Betalain	163
Dioscorea bulbifera	CuSO4	Diosgenin	164
Beta vulgaris	Metal ions	Betalaines	41
Beta vulgaris	Polyamines and Mej	Betalaine	165
Taxus chinensis	Lanthanum	Taxol	166
Beta vulgaris and Tagetes patula	Micro algal extracts	Betalaine	167
Vitis vinifera suspension cultures	Jasmonic acid and light irradiation	Anthocyanin	99
Beta vulgaris	Spermidine, Putrescine and Cu2+	Betalaine	91
Beta vulgaris	polyamines	Betalaine	91
Brugsmansia candida	Salicylic acid	Scopolamine Hyposcyamine	45
Lepidium sativum	Zn2+	Lepidine	43
Cichorium intybus	Polyamines	Coumarins	168
Capsicum	Nitrate and phosphate	Capsaicinoids	169
Capsicum	Cinnamic acid, coumaric acid, caffeic acid and ferulic acid	Capsaicin production	170
Vanilla planifolia	Blue light	Vanillin	171
Amaranthus caudatus	Cu2+	Betacyanins	42
Vitis vinifera	Sucrose Osmotic stress	Anthocyanin	110