Table 1.

Underlying causes of death among violent offenders, victims, and individuals who were both victims and violent offenders among 48,834 Swedish conscripts

	Violent offenders N = 2,139		Victims N = 500		Offenders and victims N = 235		Others N = 45,960
	Death cases n = 274		Death cases n = 78		Death cases n = 52		Death cases n = 2,267
	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
Accidents*#, N = 420	33	12.4	9	11.5	4	7.7	374	16.5
Undetermined suicide*, N = 62	13	4.7	1	1.3	1	1.9	47	2.1
Completed suicide*, N = 425	43	15.7	10	12.8	6	11.5	366	16.1
Alcohol-relateda, N = 455	95	34.7	29	37.2	20	38.4	311	13.7
Drug-related,**) N = 32	15	5.5	2	2.6	3	5.7	32	1.4
Circulatory disease*, N = 400	34	12.4	11	14.1	7	13.5	348	15.4
Neoplasm*, N = 560	28	10.2	7	9.0	3	5.8	522	23.0
Other causesab, N = 297	13	4.7	9	11.5	8	15.4	267	11.8

^a) 36 participants comorbid with drug misuse

^b) Other causes were: respiratory disease (n = 45), digestive problems (n = 47), endocrine problems (n = 55), a nervous system disorder (n = 57), infection (n = 20), and other diseases (n = 63)

*) Death cases due to accidents, suicide, circulatory, neoplasm, and other causes with also alcohol or drug-related diagnoses were excluded

**) Illicit narcotics-related

*#) Death cases due to accidents were: violence (n = 32), fall (n = 28), traffic (n = 257), other injuries (n = 103)