Table 4.
Mortality among violent offenders, victims, and individuals who were both offenders and victims, stratified for hospitalization with an alcohol- or drug-related or a psychiatric diagnosis
| Alcohol inpatient care (only) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Violence + alcohol N |
Violence (only) N |
Mortality HR (95% CI) |
|
| Violent offenses + alcohol vs. violence only | 596 | 1,543 | 3.75 (2.96-4.78) |
| Victimization + alcohol vs. victimization only | 148 | 352 | 3.86 (2.46-6.07) |
| Violence + victimization + alcohol vs. violence + victimization only | 146 | 89 | 2.45 (1.26-4.77) |
| Drug inpatient care | |||
| Violence +drugs | Violence (only) | ||
| Violent offenses + drug vs. violence only | 206 | 1,933 | 3.91 (2.99-5.11) |
| Victimization + drug vs. victimization only | 44 | 456 | 1.97 (1.07-3.65) |
| Violence + victimization + drugs vs. violence + victimization only | 65 | 170 | 2.56 (1.47-4.42) |
| Psychiatric inpatient care | |||
| Violence + psychiatric | Violence (only) | Mortality | |
| Violent offenses + psychiatric vs. violence only | 463 | 1676 | 2.54 (1.99-3.23) |
| Victimization + psychiatric vs. victimization only | 116 | 384 | 3.80 (2.44-5.93) |
| Violence + victimization + psychiatric vs. violence + victimization only | 91 | 144 | 2.0, (1.58-3.45) |
| Alcohol inpatient care | |||
| Violence + alcohol | No violence + alcohol | Mortality | |
| Violent offenses + alcohol vs. others | 596 | 48,238 | 5.53 (4.70-6.50) |
| Victim + alcohol vs. others | 148 | 48,686 | 6.45 (4.81-8.61) |
| Violence + victimization + alcohol vs. others | 146 | 48,688 | 5.64 (4.14-7.68) |
| Drug inpatient care | |||
| Violence + alcohol | No violence + drug | ||
| Violent offenses + drug vs. others | 206 | 48,628 | 7.67 (6.08-9.68) |
| Victimization + drug vs. others | 44 | 48,790 | 3.39 (3.06-9.51) |
| Violence + victimization + drugs | |||
| vs. others | 55 | 48,769 | 7.74 (5.18-11.57) |
| Psychiatric inpatient care | |||
| Violence + psychiatric | No violence + psychiatric | Mortality | |
| Violent offenses + psychiatric vs. others | 463 | 48,371 | 4.81 (3.97-5.83) |
| Victimization + psychiatric vs. others | 116 | 48,718 | 7.07 (5.16-9.70) |
| Violence + victimization + psychiatric vs. others | 91 | 48,743 | 6.25 (4.31-9.07) |
Bivariate analyses using Cox proportional regression. Hazard ratios (HRs) are given with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs)