Fig. 4.
IκB kinase 2 (IKK-2) activity is required for TNFα- and IL-1β-induced MCP-1 secretion. A–D: human ASM cells were pretreated for 30 min with 5-[(p-fluorophenyl)-2-ureido]thiophene-3-carboxamide (TPCA-1, A and B) or MB-120B and then incubated for 24 h with TNFα (0.1 ng/ml) or IL-1β (0.1 ng/ml). Values are means ± SE (n = 3). E and F: human ASM cells were preincubated for 30 min with 10−5 M TPCA-1 and then stimulated for 8 h with TNFα (0.1 ng/ml) or IL-1β (0.1 ng/ml). Cells were lysed, RNA was extracted and reverse transcribed, and cDNA levels were determined by quantitative PCR. Values are means ± SE (n = 3). +P < 0.05, +++P < 0.001 vs. control. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs. stimulated alone.