Table 1.
CSO and Family Functioning at Intake and Follow-up Periods
| Measures and time | N | Group Mean (SD) | Self-Directed Mean (SD) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Depression (BDI) | |||
| Intake | 40 | 10.40 (7.13) | 13.96 (10.57) |
| 3-month | 35 | 7.53 (5.51) | 10.78 (12.53) |
| 6-month | 31 | 8.86 (6.15) | 8.88 (6.92) |
| Efficacy | |||
| Intake | 40 | 20.75 (6.94) | 17.30 (6.78) |
| 3-Month | 35 | 21.35 (6.58) | 14.78 (7.13) |
| 6-month | 31 | 19.21 (5.71) | 13.47 (6.21) |
| Physical Symptoms | |||
| Intake | 40 | 3.85 (3.17) | 5.80 (4.79) |
| 3-month | 34 | 3.65 (3.35) | 5.24 (4.37) |
| 6-month | 31 | 3.29 (3.22) | 5.12 (4.30) |
| Anxiety (STAI) | |||
| Intake | 40 | 35.16 (11.27) | 38.95 (13.56) |
| 3-month | 35 | 34.59 (11.48) | 41.51 (15.88) |
| 6-month | 31 | 34.71 (10.76) | 35.12 (9.87) |
| Anger (STAXI) | |||
| Intake | 40 | 25.75 (7.10) | 29.30 (15.72) |
| Three-month | 35 | 26.65 (10.51) | 28.94 (18.70) |
| 6-month | 31 | 23.71 (6.14) | 23.94 (11.17) |
| Family Cohesion | |||
| Intake | 40 | 5.75 (2.36) | 5.99 (2.29) |
| 3-month | 35 | 6.82 (2.48)* | 7.17 (2.23)* |
| 6-month | 31 | 7.47 (2.40)* | 7.41 (1.73)* |
| Family Conflict | |||
| Intake | 40 | 3.45 (1.93) | 3.10 (2.45) |
| 3-month | 35 | 2.59 (2.00)* | 2.50 (1.82)* |
| 6-month | 31 | 2.00 (1.75)* | 2.24 (1.71)* |
Note. BDI = Beck Depression Inventory; STAI = State Trait Anxiety Inventory; STAXI = State Trait Anger Expression Inventory. Higher scores indicate higher levels of distress on the BDI, Physical Symptoms, STAI, and STAXI.
*
Indicates a significant difference in variable from baseline to 3 or 6-month follow-up period