Table 2.
Students who reported making unofficial payments in the medical school, by year of the four-year course
| Number (%) who made an unofficial payment | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 survey |
First year (n= 367) |
Second year (n=152) |
Third year (n=98) |
Fourth year (n=95) |
All years (n=712) |
| For admission to the medical school | 17 (5) | 6 (4) | 9 (9) | 12 (12) | 44 (6) |
| To pass an examination | 7 (2) | 32 (21) | 27 (28) | 37 (40) † | 104 (15) |
| For an administrative procedure | 27 (8) | 9 (6) | 13 (14) | 14 (15) | 63 (9) |
| 2007 survey |
First year (n= 145) |
Second year (n= 100) |
Third year (n=103) |
Fourth year (n=88) |
All years (n= 436) |
| For admission to the medical school | 1 (1) | 0 | 4 (4) | 2 (2) | 7 (1.6) |
| To pass an examination | 4 (3) | 1 (1) | 24 (24) | 47 (57) ‡ | 76 (18) |
| For an administrative procedure | 3 (2) | 8 (8) | 8 (8) | 14 (16) | 33 (8) |
† = X2 Test of trend 111.7, df 3, p<0.0001
‡ = X2 Test of trend 122.0, df 3, p<0.0001