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. 2011 Dec 30;40(8):3496–3510. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkr1272

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© The Author(s) 2011. Published by Oxford University Press.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 5. — Kinetics of DNA repair in wild-type and mutant plants. (A) Bleomycin dose-response. Protonemal tissue from wild-type and mutant lines was treated with bleomycin for 1 h at the indicated concentrations, prior to nuclear extraction and the analysis of DNA damage by single-cell electrophoresis (the ‘comet assay’). The extent of DNA damage is indicated by the proportion of DNA detected in the fragmented fraction (the ‘comet tail’). The background level of genomic DNA damage in all lines is similar, at between 20 and 30%, indicating that the mutations have no significant effect on natural levels of DNA fragmentation. (B) Repair kinetics in 1-day regenerated protonemata. In both wild-type and mutant lines, the fragmentation of DNA induced by bleomycin is repaired with rapid kinetics (t_1/2 between 1 and 4 min). (C) Repair kinetics in relation to protonemal age. As protonemata are regenerated for longer periods (resulting in a concomitant reduction in the proportion of mitotically active apical cells), so the proportion of the rapid phase DNA repair declines. This occurs in both the wild-type and the rad50KO mutant lines.