Table 4.

Mean post-MVC pain and psychological symptom scores by education category.

Education	Pain Scorea,b mean (SD)	Pain Catastrophizing mean (SD)	Perceived Life-Threat mean (SD)	Inteviewer Rating of Distress mean (SD)
All Patients	5.6 (2.5)	11.2 (11.0)	4.4 (3.2)	1.9 (2.2)
8–11 years	7.2 (2.6)	18.3 (14.5)	5.0 (3.6)	2.7 (2.0)
High School	5.9 (2.3)	12.2 (12.7)	5.0 (3.3)	2.1 (2.3)
Post-High School	6.0 (2.5)	11.8 (11.1)	4.5 (3.2)	2.1 (2.4)
College Graduate	5.2 (2.2)	9.6 (8.9)	3.5 (3.0)	1.4 (1.9)
Post Graduate	4.3 (2.3)	8.6 (9.3)	4.0 (3.3)	1.2 (1.6)
p-valuec	<.001	<.001	<.001	<.001

^aTotal n’s are: pain score = 684; pain catastrophizing scale = 678; perceived life-threat = 686; interviewer rating of distress = 689.

^bRanges for measures are: pain score 0–10; pain catastrophizing 0–52; perceived life-threat 0–10; interviewer rating of distress 0–10.

^cAnalysis of variance.