TABLE 4.

Propensity Score Results Showing Outcome Differences at Follow-Up (Compared to Baseline) for Brief Intervention and Conventional Therapy, Respectively (N = 1681)^a

		Brief Intervention (n = 222)			Conventional Therapy (n = 175)
Treatment Outcomes Examined	Entire Sample %/Mean (N)	Adjusted b Coefficient	Adjusted 95% CI	p	Adjusted b Coefficient	Adjusted 95% CI	p
% PTSD diagnosis—past 12 mo	7.97 (134)	0.002	−0.032 to 0.035	0.910	0.149	0.088 to 0.210	<0.0001
Mean PTSD symptoms	2.39 (1681)	−0.834	−1.500 to −0.167	0.014	1.121	0.153 to 2.089	0.023
% Major depression–past 12 mo	16.48 (277)	−0.055	−0.103 to −0.007	0.026	0.087	0.012 to 0.162	0.022
Mean depression symptoms—past 12 mo	2.28 (1681)	−0.385	−0.741 to −0.030	0.033	0.409	−0.079 to 0.896	0.101
% Alcohol dependence—past 12 mo	3.33 (56)	−0.029	−0.054 to −0.004	0.025	−0.003	−0.036 to 0.031	0.878
% Binge drinking—past mo	13.86 (233)	−0.023	−0.073 to 0.028	0.378	−0.026	−0.087 to 0.035	0.403
% Anxiety diagnosis—past 30 d (BSI-18)	12.91 (217)	−0.055	−0.095 to −0.015	0.007	0.131	0.065 to 0.197	<0.0001
Mean anxiety symptoms—past 30 d (BSI-18)	50.98 (1681)	−0.963	−2.343 to 0.417	0.171	3.46	1.860 to 5.231	<0.0001

^aAll propensity models were matched 1:5 (intervention to controls) on the following: age, gender, marital status, immigrant status, language, education level, income level, race/ethnicity, NYC borough, insurance status, physician status, WTCD exposures level, negative life events, lifetime trauma exposure, social support, self-esteem, antisocial personality, history of depression before WTCD, hospitalized for mental health problems before WTCD, number of times treated for mental health problems before WTCD, and history of attention deficit disorder.

CI indicates confidence interval; PTSD, posttraumatic stress disorder; BSI-18, brief symptom inventory-18; NYC, New York City; WTCD, World Trade Center disaster.