Example of measurement of cardiac output by transpulmonary thermodilution. Six boluses of 10 ml each (with an average room temperature of 18.62°C) administered at 1 minute intervals reveal an average cardiac output (CO) of 6.99 L/minute; standard deviation = 0.16, precision = 1.90%. BloodT°, temperature of blood; BolusT°, temperature of the cold bolus; Cath k, constant of the PiCCO™ arterial catheter; CI, cardiac index; CO, cardiac output; InjVol, volume of the cold bolus.