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. 2012 Apr 24;3:152. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00152

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Copyright © 2012 Kajitani, Satsuka, Kawate and Sakai.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License, which permits non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in other forums, provided the original authors and source are credited.

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The genome organization of HPV16. The HPV genome has a circular double-stranded DNA structure. The viral genes are transcribed in a single direction (clockwise). There are genes coding for non-structural proteins (E1, E2, E4, E5, E6, and E7) and structural proteins (L1, L2), and a transcriptional control region (long control region; LCR). LCR contains a DNA replication origin and functions as the regulator for the DNA replication. The major promoters and polyadenylation signals are indicated (P97, P670, AE, AL).