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Effect of contrast normalization parameters on receptive field structure. When α ≫ β (bottom left), NBCM produces full-field low-frequency non-oriented receptive fields. When β ≫ α (top right), it produces white noise receptive fields. When α and β are comparable, NBCM produces oriented, localized receptive fields which resemble the receptive fields of V1 simple cells; the optimal spatial frequencies are affected by the exact values of α and β.
