Table 2. Frequency and distribution of Culicoides species identified in a subsample of 5% of specimens collected in mainland Portugal which could not be identified using the wing pattern keys or were not priority for ESP for bluetongue.

Species	% of total (both sexes)	Presence in Geographical Units1
C. achrayi (Kettle & Lawson, 1955)	47.3	3; 5; 7; 9; 17; 18; 25; 39
C. alazanicus X (Dzhafarov, 1961)	1.2	40
C. bahrainensis X (Boorman, 1989)	0.2	36; 38
C. corsicus (Kremer, Leberre & Beaucournu-S., 1971)	0.1	23; 35; 36
C. deltus X (Edwards, 1979)	0.2	9
C. fascipennis (Staeger, 1839)	3.8	5; 7; 9; 12; 18; 25; 26; 30; 39
C. festivipennis (Kieffer, 1914)	5.8	7; 12; 18; 23; 25; 30; 35; 40
C. gejgelensis (Dzhafarov, 1964)	6.7	7; 12; 18; 20; 22; 23; 26; 30; 36; 44
C. heliophilus (Edwards, 1921)	0.2	18
C. heteroclitus (Kremer & Callot, 1965)	3.3	7; 9; 25
C. impunctatus (Goetghebuer, 1920)	0.1	4; 20
C. indistinctus (Khalaf, 1961)	0.6	7; 9; 18; 25; 32; 35
C. jumineri (Callot & Kremer, 1969)	2.6	5; 7; 17; 18; 23; 32; 35; 38; 39
C. jurensis (Callot, Kremer & Déduit, 1962)	0.2	30; 36; 39
C. kibunensis (Tokunaga, 1937)	0.4	23
C. longipennis (Khalaf, 1957)	5.1	7; 23; 32; 35; 39
C. lupicaris X (Downes & Kettle, 1952)	0.1	25
C. nubeculosus (Meigen, 1930)	0.4	23; 27; 29; 40
C. odiatus (Austen, 1921)	0.1	9; 18; 23; 30
C. parroti (Kieffer, 1922)	1.9	23; 39
C. picturatus X (Kremer & Déduit, 1961)	1.7	23
C. pseudopallidus (Khalaf, 1961)	1.0	7; 23; 35; 38
C. puncticollis (Becker, 1903)	0.9	23; 32
C. sahariensis (Kieffer, 1923)	0.1	39
C. santonicus X (Callot, Kremer, Rault & Bach, 1968)	11.5	7; 18; 22–24; 40
C. semimaculatus X (Clastrier, 1958)	0.1	40
C. simulator X (Edwards, 1939)	0.2	7
C. subfagineus X (Delécolle & Ortega, 1998)	0.7	7; 18; 30; 31; 40
C. subfascipennis (Kieffer, 1919)	2.1	7; 23; 25; 30; 32; 39
C. vexans (Staeger, 1839)	1.8	7
Total	100

^XSpecies reported for the first time in mainland Portugal.