Figure 5. Output of the Fourth Corner Analysis based on model type I.

Model type I removes both the link between site and environment and the link between traits and species. Thus, the significant relationships are the result of a combination of the link between species composition and environment as well as the link between species composition and functional traits. Black fields represent significant positive relationships, grey fields significant negative relationships and white fields insignificant relationships. Significance levels are p = 0.05, based on 9999 randomizations. For abbreviations of environmental variables and traits see Fig. 2 and 3, respectively.