Table 2.

HLA haplotypes in the general population conferring significant risk for islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes.

HLA-DQ	References
(a) Type 1 diabetes
Europeans
A1*03:01-B1*03:02	[54, 55]
A1*05:01-B1*02:01	[56]
French native
DRB1*04:05-DQA1*03:03-B1*03:02	[57]
Mediterranean
DRB1*04:05-DQ A1*03-B1*02
Black populations
DRB1*07-DQ A1*03-B1*02
Japanese (haplotypes)
DRB1*04:05-DQA1*03:01/02?-DQB1*04:01	[35–37]
DRB1*09:01-DQA1*03:02-DQB1*03:03	[35–37]
DRB1*08:02-DQA1*03:01-DQB1*03:02	[36, 37]
DRB1*04:05-DQA1*03:01-DQB1*03:02	[37]
DRB1*03:01-DQA1*05:01-DQB1*02:01	[37]
DRB1*11:01-DQB1*03:01	[36]
DRB1*11:01-DQB1*03:02	[36]
DRB1*13:02-DQB1*06:04	[36]
Koreans (haplotypes)
DRB1*03:01-DQB1*02:01	[58]
DRB1*04:01-DQB1*03:02	[58]
DRB1*04:05-DQB1*03:02	[58]
DRB1*04:07-DQB1*03:02	[58]
DRB1*04:05-DQB1*04:01	[35]
DRB1*09:01-DQB1*03:03	[35, 58]
Chinese (haplotypes)
DRB1*09:01-DQA1*03:01/02-B1*03:03	[38]
DQA1*03-DQB1*03:03	[39]
DQA1*03-DQB1*04:01	[39]
DQA1*05-DQB1*02:01	[39]
Indians (haplotypes)
DRB1*03:01-DQA1*05:01-B1*02:01	[59]
DRB1*04:01/02/04/05-DQA1*03:01/02-B1*02:01	[38]
Sub-Saharan Africa (haplotypes)
DRB1*03:01-DQA*05:01	[60]
DRB1*04-DQA*03	[60]
DRB1*04-DQB*03:02	[60]
DRB1*03:01-DQB*02:01	[60]
DQA*05:01-DQB*02:01	[60]
DQA*03-DQB*03:02	[60]
Latin America (haplotypes)
DRB1*04:05-DQB1*03:02	[61]
DRB1*03:01-DQB1*05:01	[61]
DRB1*04:01-DQB1*03:02	[61]
DRB1*04-DQA1*03:01-DQB1*03:02	[61]
(b) Insulin autoimmune syndrome (haplotypes)
DRB1*04:06-DQA1*03:01-B1*03:02	[46, 47]