Table 1.
Comparison of selected phenotypic expression of pYV-bearing Y. enterocolitica, Y. pseudotuberculosis, and Y. pestis (adapted from [7]).
| Organisma | Strain | CMb | CV bindingc | Lcrd | CR-uptakee | AAf | HPg | Plasmidh |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Y. enterocolitica | GER | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
| Y. enterocolitica-RE | GER | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
| Y. enterocolitica-C | GER | − | − | − | − | − | − | − |
| Y. pseudotuberculosis | PB1/+ | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
| Y. pseudotuberculosis-RE | PB1/+ | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
| Y. pseudotuberculosis-C | PB1/+ | − | − | − | − | − | − | − |
| Y. pestis | KIM5 | − | + | + | + | − | − | + |
| Y. pestis-RE | KIM5 | − | − | − | − | − | − | − |
| Y. pestis-C | KIM5 | − | − | − | − | − | − | − |
| pYV-less Y. pestis | Kuma | − | − | − | − | − | − | − |
aCells recovered from red pinpoint colonies and subcultured in BHI broth at 28°C are designated as RE. The pYV-negative strains of Y. enterocolitica, Y. pseudotuberculosis, and Y. pestis are designated as C (cured).
bCM: colony morphology. On calcium-adequate BHA (1500 μM Ca2+), and TSA (1400 μM Ca2+) the P+ cells appeared as small colonies (1.13 mm in diameter) as compared to larger P− colonies (2.4 mm in diameter).
cCV binding: crystal violet binding. The P+ cells appeared as small dark-violet colonies, and the P− cells showed large white colonies on calcium-adequate BHA (1500 μM Ca2+) and TSA (1400 μM Ca2+), low-calcium CR-BHO (238 μM Ca2+), CR-TSO (311 μM Ca2+), and calcium-deficient CR-MOX.
dLcr: low calcium response/calcium-dependent growth. P+ cells appeared as pinpoint colonies (0.36 in diameter), and P− cells appeared large colonies (1.37 in diameter) on low-calcium CR-BHO (238 μM Ca2+), CR-TSO (311 μM Ca2+), and calcium-deficient CR-MOX.
eCR-Uptake: Congo red-uptake. The P+ cells appeared as red pinpoint colonies (0.36 in diameter), and the P− cells appeared large white or light orange colonies (1.13 mm in diameter) on calcium-deficient CR-MOX.
fAA: autoagglutination. The P+ cells agglutinated. The P− cells remained dispersed.
gHP: hydrophobicity by latex particles. The P+ cells formed clumps showing hydrophobicity. The P− cells remained dispersed.
hPlasmid: presence of 70-kb pYV by PCR assay.