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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Behav Processes. 2012 Mar 15;90(1):111–123. doi: 10.1016/j.beproc.2012.02.012

Fig. 6.

Fig. 6

Demonstration of shrinkage by Bayesian hierarchical modeling. Rats are from the high dose group of the Cocaine example. L0: mean bout length. w0: within-bout response rate. a) Point estimates of individual parameters using maximum likelihood. Estimates of w0 are capped above at 1000 responses/s. b) Point estimates of individual parameters using Bayesian hierarchical modeling. Two outliers (white triangle and white square) are highlighted. Note that data are plotted on log-log scale due to the assumption of log-normal variability for L0 and w0.