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Phenotypes of aae3 Mutant Seeds.
(A) Seeds stained with 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride for 24 h at 30°C; the red color indicates permeability of the seed coat. WT, wild type.
(B) Seeds stained with ruthenium red for 15 min at room temperature to visualize mucilage formation on the seed coats.
(C) Under polarized light, calcium oxalate crystals are visible (red arrows) in aae3-1 and aae3-2 but not in the wild type. Bars = 37.5 μM and 150 μM (inset).
