Figure 7.

Activation of TGFβ1 and proinflammatory NF-κB signaling in the transgenic animals. Marked increases in TGFβ1 (A) and IL-1β (E) serum concentrations in transgenic mice were observed compared with the wild-type (WT) mice. Western blots revealed hyperphosphorylated Smad2 (B) and p65 and up-regulated p65 protein expression (D) in transgenic (TG) hearts, and proinflammatory factors were analyzed by qPCR (C). Data were pooled from 10 mice/group with triplicate analyses for each mouse. *P < 0.01 vs. WT.