Serine 129 phosphorylated alpha-synuclein protein accumulation in brain regions of Thy1-aSyn mice (antibody is rabbit anti-phosphoser129-alpha-synuclein (Abcam, USA; at 1:500 dilution, ab59264). (A) Immunostaining in the substantia nigra of wild-type (WT) (black arrow points to dark brown stained fibers) and Thy1-aSyn mice (black arrow points to dark brown cytoplasmic and nuclear staining) at 5 months. Scale bar = 20 μm. (B) Western blot of phosphorylated alpha-synuclein in the substantia nigra. (C) Serine 129 phosphorylated alpha-synuclein protein as fold change compared to wild-type (wt). Thy1-aSyn (tg) mice brain in comparison to wt. Normalized to alpha-tubulin for loading control. Substantia nigra (SN), striatum (str), thalamus (thal), cortex (cor), frontal cortex (f.cor), hippocampus (hipp), cerebellum (CB), and olfactory bulb (OB) (mean ± SEM of 3-6 mice; *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; 2-way RM analysis of variance, main genotype effect p < 0.001, student's t-test planned comparison for each subregion