To study the binding affinities of the liposomal nanocarriers towards nucleosomes, a series of diluted samples were measured using an ELISA assay. The samples included mAb 2C5, IgG, unmodified liposomes (0% Lip), the MMP2-responsive multifunctional nanocarriers incubated at 4°C (2C5/peptide/TATp-Lip 4°C) and at 37°C (2C5/peptide/TATp-Lip 37°C), MMP2-treated MMP2-responsive multifunctional nanocarriers (2C5/peptide/TATp-Lip+MMP2), and MMP2-treated MMP2-responsive multifunctional nanocarriers followed by dialysis (2C5/peptide/TATp-Lip+MMP2+Dia). (A), the UV absorbances of all samples in the ELISA assay. (B), the UV absorbance of the liposomal formulations only in the near linear range from (A). Abbreviation: 2C5, mAb 2C5; peptide, MMP2 cleavable peptide; TATp: TAT peptides; Lip, liposomes; Dia, dialysis.