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. 2012 Apr 5;116(16):4801–4811. doi: 10.1021/jp300307u

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Subunits of arsenate ribosome (ribosome(As)) are more repulsive than those of phosphate ribosome (ribosome(P)), making it more difficult to assemble arsenate rRNA into the functional 70S ribosome than its phosphate counterpart. (A and B) Snapshots from simulations of the ribosome(P) and ribosome(As), respectively. Ribosomal proteins are not included in the figure for clarity. The two tRNAs are shown in surface presentation, with the P-site tRNA sitting between the E-site tRNA and RF2. The green ribbon in the 50S unit is 5S rRNA. The green surface model between 30S and 50S is an mRNA fragment. (C) RMSDs (root mean squared deviations) of ribosome(P) and ribosome(As) from the starting crystal structures during the simulations. (D) E-site tRNA is more flexible than P-site tRNA. (E) Interaction energy between 30S and 50S subunits. The tRNAs, RF2, and mRNA are not included in the calculation. Including these four molecules makes 30S and 50S more repulsive for the arsenate system.