Table 1.
Characteristics of decedents and survivors
| Men | Women | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Decedents (n = 271) | Survivors (n = 1,714) | Decedents (n = 90) | Survivors (n = 1,903) | |
| Age | 75. (5.4) | 71.9 (4.8)* | 74.9 (6.2) | 72.5 (5.3)* |
| Physical activity score | 84.0 (45.2) | 99.5 (50.8)* | 85.2 (33.2) | 85.4 (33.2) |
| Smoker status (%)**,a | ||||
| Never | 24.7 | 37.9 | 77.8 | 91.1 |
| Ex-smoker | 60.9 | 50.5 | 16.7 | 7.2 |
| Current smoker | 14.4 | 11.6 | 5.6 | 1.7 |
| Number of medicationsb | 1 (0–7) | 1 (0–7)* | 1 (0–6) | 1 (0–7) |
| Social economic status ladder—Hong Kong | 4.2 (2.0) | 4.5 (1.8)* | 4.5 (2.0) | 4.6 (1.9) |
| MMSE | 26.2 (3.7) | 27.1 (2.6)* | 23.3 (4.1) | 24.3 (3.9)* |
| Diabetes (%)a | 21.8 | 13.4* | 15.6 | 14.2 |
| Heart disease (%)a | 20.7 | 17.8 | 15.6 | 16.6 |
| History of cancer (%)a | 6.6 | 3.9* | 8.9 | 4.3* |
| Adiposity measurements | ||||
| BMI | 22.8 (3.5) | 23.6 (3.0)* | 24.0 (4.1) | 23.9 (3.4) |
| Whole body fat % | 23.6 (5.3) | 24.5 (4.9)* | 33.8 (7.0) | 34.6 (5.2) |
| Waist (cm) | 87.1 (13.0) | 87.4 (8.9) | 87.1 (10.2) | 85.6 (9.4) |
| Waist–hip ratio | 0.93 (0.07) | 0.92 (0.07) | 0.93 (0.09) | 0.92 (0.08) |
| Relative abdominal fat (%) | 14.7 (2.7) | 15.2 (2.4)* | 14.0 (2.1) | 14.0 (2.0) |
MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination score, BMI body mass index
Numbers are expressed as mean (SD) unless stated otherwise. All comparisons were by t test unless stated otherwise
*p < 0.05; **p for trend <0.05
aComparison by chi-square test
bNumber expressed as median (range)