Table 4.
Incorporated SEIs, area-based SES, and breast cancer stage at diagnosis
| Variable by level | Mean ± SD | Included Provinces | Total | Stage 0&I | Stage II | Stage III&IV | Unavailable | Chi-square for trend | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | ||||||
| GDP per capita(1) | |||||||||
| Highest | 36146 ± 17217 | Beijing | 641 | 179 (27.9) | 280 (43.7) | 95 (14.8) | 87 (13.6) | 80.79 | < 0.001 |
| High | 20774 ± 9006 | Liaoning, Guangdong, Zhejiang | 2024 | 349 (17.1) | 805 (39.4) | 417 (20.4) | 471 (23.1) | ||
| Low | 8704 ± 3986 | Hunan, Shannxi, Sichuan | 1528 | 174 (11.4) | 806 (52.7) | 389 (25.5) | 159 (10.4) | ||
| HSE percentage(2) | |||||||||
| Highest | 6.11 ± 0.73 | Beijing, Zhejiang | 1247 | 278 (22.3) | 519 (41.6) | 252 (20.2) | 198 (15.9) | 3.307 | 0.081 |
| High | 4.42 ± 0.57 | Guangdong, Sichuan | 1103 | 124 (11.2) | 479 (43.5) | 287 (26.0) | 213 (19.3) | ||
| Low | 3.49 ± 0.70 | Liaoning, Hunan, Shannxi | 1861 | 300 (16.1) | 893 (48.0) | 362 (19.5) | 306 (16.4) | ||
| PU/PR ratio(3) | |||||||||
| Highest | 5.39 ± 0.22 | Beijing | 641 | 179 (27.9) | 280 (43.7) | 95 (14.8) | 87 (13.6) | 72.00 | < 0.001 |
| Higher | 1.67 ± 0.09 | Guangdong | 604 | 106 (17.5) | 243 (40.2) | 137 (22.7) | 118 (19.6) | ||
| High | 1.39 ± 0.08 | Liaoning, Zhejiang | 1438 | 243 (16.9) | 562 (39.1) | 280 (19.5) | 353 (24.5) | ||
| Low | 0.62 ± 0.08 | Hunan, Shannxi, Sichuan | 1528 | 174 (11.4) | 806 (52.7) | 389 (25.5) | 159 (10.4) | ||
| FPI percentage (4) | |||||||||
| Highest | 16.97 ± 3.55 | Zhejiang, Shannxi, Sichuan | 1588 | 194 (12.2) | 645 (40.6) | 490 (30.9) | 259 (16.3) | 135.83 | < 0.001 |
| High | 10.60 ± 2.62 | Hunan, Guangdong | 1150 | 185 (16.1) | 643 (55.9) | 193 (16.8) | 129 (11.2) | ||
| Low | 7.21 ± 1.57 | Beijing, Liaoning, | 1473 | 323 (21.9) | 603 (40.9) | 218 (14.8) | 329 (22.4) | ||
| Area-based SES(5) | |||||||||
| Highest | - | Beijing | 641 | 179 (27.9) | 280 (43.7) | 95 (14.8) | 87 (13.6) | 80.79 | < 0.001 |
| High | - | Liaoning, Guangdong, Zhejiang | 2024 | 349 (17.1) | 805 (39.4) | 417 (20.4) | 471 (23.1) | ||
| Low | - | Hunan, Shannxi, Sichuan | 1528 | 174 (11.4) | 806 (52.7) | 389 (25.5) | 159 (10.4) |
(1): GDP per capita: yuan per person per year (mean ± SD, 1999-2008)
(2): percentage of health-services expenditure in the regional/province public affairs general budget (%) (mean ± SD, 1999-2008)
(3): ratio of urban to rural population (mean ± SD, 2005-2008) (data is available in the National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China only for 2005 to 2008)
(4): percentage of illiteracy among women aged 15 and over (%) (mean ± SD, 1999-2008)
(5): Area-based SES is a composite measure synthesized by cluster analysis of the four SEIs