. 2012 May;191(1):261–277. doi: 10.1534/genetics.111.136440

Table 2. Expected offspring phenotype under random cross-fostering.

	Offspring genotype
	A₁A₁	A₁A₂	A₂A₂	Maternal litter average
Foster mother genotype
A₁A₁	+a_m +a_o $(p_{1}^{4})$	+a_m +d_o $(2 p_{1}^{3} p_{2})$	+a_m –a_o $(p_{1}^{2} p_{2}^{2})$	+a_m + a_o(p₁ – p₂) + 2p₁p₂d_o
A₁A₂	+d_m +a_o $(2 p_{1}^{3} p_{2})$	+d_m +d_o $(4 p_{1}^{2} p_{2}^{2})$	+d_m –a_o $(2 p_{1} p_{2}^{3})$	+d_m + a_o(p₁ – p₂) + 2p₁p₂d_o
A₂A₂	–a_m +a_o $(p_{1}^{2} p_{2}^{2})$	–a_m +d_o $(2 p_{1} p_{2}^{3})$	–a_m –a_o $(p_{2}^{4})$	–a_m + a_o(p₁ – p₂) + 2p₁p₂d_o
Offspring average	+a_o + a_m(p₁ – p₂) + 2p₁p₂d_m	+d_o + a_m(p₁ – p₂) + 2p₁p₂d_m	–a_o + a_m(p₁ – p₂) + 2p₁p₂d_m

Each cell gives the direct (subscripted “o”) and maternal (subscripted “m”) effects that contribute to the phenotype of an offspring as a function of the genotype of the offspring and their foster mother. The expected phenotypes of the offspring of each foster mother genotype are given as row means and the average phenotype of each offspring genotype is given by the column means. The frequencies of each foster mother–offspring genotype combination under random cross-fostering are shown in parentheses below the effects.