Table 2. Prevalence and sex-related odds of comorbidity in patients starting long-term oxygen therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 1992–2008.
| Diagnosis | Prevalence in Women, n (%) | Prevalence in Men, n (%) | Adjusted Odds Ratio for Women Compared to Men* | 95% Confidence Interval | P-value |
| All cancers† | 460 (10) | 503 (13) | 0.74 | 0.64–0.84 | <0.001 |
| Lung cancer | 76 (2) | 79 (2) | 0.74 | 0.53–1.02 | 0.065 |
| Anaemia | 245 (5) | 183 (5) | 1.11 | 0.90–1.36 | 0.329 |
| Arrhythmia† | 578 (12) | 662 (17) | 0.72 | 0.63–0.81 | <0.001 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 236 (5) | 214 (5) | 0.88 | 0.73–1.08 | 0.224 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 414 (9) | 369 (9) | 0.87 | 0.74–1.01 | 0.062 |
| Digestive organ disease | 922 (19) | 831 (21) | 0.90 | 0.81–1.01 | 0.062 |
| Heart failure | 1543 (32) | 1254 (32) | 1.09 | 0.99–1.20 | 0.072 |
| Hypertension† | 673 (14) | 429 (11) | 1.26 | 1.10–1.1.45 | 0.001 |
| Ischemic heart disease† | 864 (18) | 880 (22) | 0.77 | 0.69–0.86 | <0.001 |
| Mental disorder† | 482 (10) | 291 (7) | 1.27 | 1.09–1.49 | 0.003 |
| Osteoporosis† | 485 (10) | 131 (3) | 3.42 | 2.80–4.19 | <0.001 |
| Pulmonary embolism | 114 (2) | 89 (2) | 0.99 | 0.74–1.32 | 0.931 |
| Renal failure† | 72 (2) | 101 (3) | 0.58 | 0.42–0.79 | 0.001 |
| Rheumatoid arthritis† | 103 (2) | 52 (1) | 1.56 | 1.10–2.20 | 0.012 |
Percentages may not add up to 100 due to rounding.
*
Odds ratio adjusted for age, smoking history and year of starting long-term oxygen therapy.
†
Entities with significant sex-related difference in odds.