Table 1. Baseline characteristics of the study population.
| Variables | Entire population (n = 25757) n(%) | Dizziness or vertigo patients (n = 1118) n(%) | Patients without dizziness or vertigo (n = 24639) n(%) | p value |
| Gender | <0.001 | |||
| Male | 12451 (48.3) | 395 (35.3) | 12056 (48.9) | |
| Female | 13306 (51.7) | 723 (64.7) | 12583 (51.1) | |
| Age group | <0.001 | |||
| 18–44 | 14279 (55.4) | 373 (33.4) | 13906 (56.4) | |
| 45–54 | 4158 (16.1) | 216 (19.3) | 3942 (16.0) | |
| 55–64 | 2632 (10.2) | 171 (15.3) | 2461 (10.0) | |
| 65–74 | 2465 (9.6) | 194 (17.4) | 2271 (9.2) | |
| ≧75 | 2223 (8.6) | 164 (14.7) | 2059 (8.4) | |
| Hypertension | <0.001 | |||
| Yes | 832 (3.2) | 96 (8.6) | 736 (3.0) | |
| No | 24925 (96.8) | 1022 (91.4) | 23903 (97.0) | |
| Diabetes | <0.001 | |||
| Yes | 612 (2.4) | 50 (4.5) | 562 (2.3) | |
| No | 25145 (97.6) | 1068 (95.5) | 24077 (97.7) | |
| Coronary heart disease | 0.135 | |||
| Yes | 474 (1.8) | 14 (1.3) | 460 (1.9) | |
| No | 25283 (98.2) | 1104 (98.7) | 24179 (98.1) | |
| Hyperlipidemia | 0.450 | |||
| Yes | 18 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 18 (0.1) | |
| No | 25739 (99.9) | 1118 (100.0) | 24621 (99.9) | |
| Atrial fibrillation | 0.655 | |||
| Yes | 28 (0.1) | 1 (0.1) | 27 (0.1) | |
| No | 25729 (99.9) | 1117 (99.9) | 24612 (99.9) | |
| Urbanization | 0.063 | |||
| Urban and suburban | 20204 (78.4) | 852 (76.2) | 19352 (78.5) | |
| Rural | 5553 (21.6) | 266 (23.8) | 5287 (21.5) | |
| Individual socioeconomic status | <0.001 | |||
| High | 12609 (49.0) | 463 (41.4) | 12146 (49.3) | |
| Low | 13148 (51.0) | 655 (58.6) | 12493 (50.7) | |
| Anticonvulsants | 0.001 | |||
| Yes | 350 (1.4) | 31 (2.8) | 319 (1.3) | |
| No | 25407 (98.6) | 1087 (97.2) | 24320 (98.7) | |
| Antihypertensives | <0.001 | |||
| Yes | 4249 (16.5) | 345 (30.9) | 3904 (15.8) | |
| No | 21508 (83.5) | 773 (69.1) | 20735 (84.2) | |
| Psychotropic agents | <0.001 | |||
| Yes | 3341 (13.0) | 281 (25.1) | 3060 (12.4) | |
| No | 22416 (87.0) | 837 (74.9) | 21579 (87.6) |