Table 3.
Associations between genetic polymorphisms and neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer disease
| Polymorphism | BPSD symptom in AD, n (%) | Statistics | ||
| No significant associations between APOE ε4 presence or dose and NPI items | ||||
| No significant associations between CYPrs754203 or CYPi2 new polymorphisms and NPI items | ||||
| No significant associations between PRNPcodon 129 polymorphism and NPI items | ||||
| No significant associations between PRNDcodons 26, 56, 174 polymorphisms and NPI items· a trend for PRNDcodon 56 C/T genotype to increase depression risk; p = 0.08 | ||||
| PRND 3′UTR and delusions* | ||||
| PRND 3′UTR | Delusions present (n = 17) | Delusions absent (n = 47) | ||
| C/C | 1 (5.9) | 19 (40.4) | ||
| C/T | 12 (70.6) | 18 (38.3) | p = 0.015 | |
| T/T | 4 (23.5) | 10 (21.3) | ||
| T allele present | 16 (94.1) | 28 (59.6) | RR = 6.6 | |
| (95% CI 1.3–43.6) | ||||
| T allele absent | 1 (5.9) | 19 (40.4) | p = 0.02 | |
| PRND 3′UTR and anxiety* | ||||
| PRND 3′UTR | Anxiety present (n = 28) | Anxiety absent (n = 36) | ||
| C/C | 4 (14.3) | 16 (44.4) | ||
| C/T | 17 (60.7) | 13 (36.1) | p = 0.03 | |
| T/T | 7 (25) | 7 (19.5) | ||
| T allele present | 24 (85.7) | 20 (55.6) | RR = 2.6 | |
| (95% CI 1.2–6.8) | ||||
| T allele absent | 4 (14.3) | 16 (44.4) | p = 0.02 | |
| PRND 3′UTR and agitation/aggression* | ||||
| PRND 3′UTR | Agitation present (n = 26) | Agitation absent (n = 38) | ||
| C/C | 3 (11.55) | 17 (44.7) | ||
| C/T | 16 (61.55) | 14 (36.8) | p = 0.02 | |
| T/T | 7 (26.9) | 7 (19.5) | ||
| T allele present | 23 (88.45) | 21 (55.3) | RR = 3.3 | |
| (95% CI 1.3–10.2) | ||||
| T allele absent | 3 (11.55) | 17 (44.7) | p = 0.01 | |
| PRND 3′UTR and apathy* | ||||
| PRND 3′UTR | Apathy present (n = 40) | Apathy absent (n = 24) | ||
| C/C | 8 (20) | 12 (50) | ||
| C/T | 23 (57.5) | 7 (29.2) | p = 0.03 | |
| T/T | 9 (22.5) | 5 (20.8) | ||
| T allele present | 32 (80) | 12 (50) | RR = 1.8 | |
| (95% CI 1.2–3.0) | ||||
| T allele absent | 8 (20) | 12 (50) | p = 0.02 | |
| PRND 3′UTR and irritability/emotional lability* | ||||
| PRND 3′UTR | Irritability present (n = 47) | Irritability absent (n = 17) | ||
| C/C | 11 (23.4) | 9 (52.9) | ||
| C/T | 25 (53.2) | 5 (29.4) | p = 0.08 | |
| T/T | 11 (23.4) | 3 (17.7) | ||
| T allele present | 36 (76.6) | 8 (47.1) | RR = 1.4 | |
| (95% CI 1.0–2.4) | ||||
| T allele absent | 11 (23.4) | 9 (52.9) | p = 0.05 | |
| PRND ′UTR and aberrant motor activity (AMB)* | ||||
| PRND ′UTR | AMB present (n = 17) | AMB absent (n = 47) | ||
| C/C | 2 (11.8) | 18 (38.3) | ||
| C/T | 8 (47) | 22 (46.8) | p = 0.04 | |
| T/T | 7 (41.2) | 7 (14.9) | ||
| T allele present | 15 (88.2) | 29 (61.7) | RR = 2.9 | |
| (95% CI 1.1–12.4) | ||||
| T allele absent | 2 (11.8) | 18 (38.3) | p = 0.05 | |
*
controlled for age, gender and the presence of APOE ε4 allele. AD, Alzheimer disease; BPSD, behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia; NPI, Neuropsychiatric Inventory.