Table 1.
Demographics
| Controls (n = 25) | Type 1 diabetes (n = 25) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yr) | 46.0 ± 1.5 | 45.0 ± 2.0 | 0.93 |
| Male gender (%) | 40 (10) | 56 (14) | 0.17 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.9 ± 0.8 | 26.6 ± 0.9 | 0.53 |
| Race (% white) | 88 (22) | 96 (24) | 0.30 |
| Ethnicity (% non-Spanish origin) | 100 (25) | 96 (24) | 0.32 |
| Fat (%) | 30.0 ± 1.6 | 27.9 ± 1.4 | 0.27 |
| Hemoglobin A1C (%) | 5.4 ± 0.06 | 7.7 ± 0.16 ¥ | <0.0001 |
| Range (4.9–6.1) | Range (6.1–9.1) | ||
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 166 ± 5 | 141 ± 7a | 0.005 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 55 ± 3 | 53 ± 3 | 0.68 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 103 ± 9 | 77 ± 8a | 0.03 |
| Estimated physical activity (kcal/wk) | 2705 ± 364 | 1786 ± 352 | 0.08 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 111 ± 1.9 | 115 ± 2.0 | 0.16 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 75.1 ± 1.4 | 74.9 ± 1.5 | 0.92 |
| Visceral fat area (mm3) | 48716 ± 4992 | 48959 ± 5128 | 0.97 |
| Liver density (HU) | 62.4 ± 1.3 | 61.1 ± 1.4 | 0.49 |
| Liver/spleen density ratio | 1.3 ± 0.03 | 1.27 ± 0.02 | 0.40 |
| AST | 28 ± 3 | 26 ± 2 | 0.44 |
| ALT | 23 ± 2 | 24 ± 2 | 0.87 |
Values are means ± sem.
a
Significantly different from CON (P < 0.05).