Analysis of PrP-AA in the culture system. The PrP-AA prevented PrP106–126(A117V) induced neurotoxicity in a neuron-glia co-culture system. Purified PrP-AA significantly blocked PrP106–126(A117V) fibril-induced neuronal death in the co-cultured system. CGN-glia were treated with 50 μm PrP106–126(A117V) fibril only and PrP106–126(A117V) fibril that had been preincubated with 0.07 μm PrP-AA for 24 h. Cell viability was determined by staining neurons with fluorescein diacetate/propidium iodide. Values are expressed as percentages (%) of control (untreated). The data represent the mean ± S.D. (bars) values of triplicate determinations from a single but representative experiment, which has been repeated three times with similar results (**, p < 0.01, by one-way ANOVA). PrP, PrP106–126(A117V) peptides; E, PrP-AA; PT, pass-through IgG depleted of PrP-AA.